Roof



O. V. BUMPAS ET AL ROOF May 30, 1939.

Filed Dec. 20, 1957 5 Sheets-Sheet l O. V. BUMPAS El AL May 30, 1939.

ROOF

Filed Dec. 20, 1937 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 May 30, 1939.

- o. v; BUMPAS ET AL ROOF Filed-Dec. 20, 1937 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 IIi" I/i" y 1939- o. v. BUMPAS ET AL 2,160,642

ROOF I Filed Dec. 20, 1937 5 SheetsSheet 5 MAV'OK: M40017 6. 037/777 0111: [aw Pew Patented May 30, 1939 UNITED. STATES PATENT OFFICE 7' Memphis, Tenn.

Application December 20, 1937, Serial No. 180,809

11 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in roofs made of sheet material and particularly to roots made of sheet metal. It has particular reference to a roof made up of interlocking sheets, which sheets are secured to underlying sheathing or furring strips by nails.

The primary object of the invention is to make a roofing surface which will keep all parts of the building covered thereby dry even during storms or blizzards, and a roof which may be securely applied, and which when so applied and secured will protect the securing means against the elements- Further objects are:

To provide a roof of interlocking sheets which are pre-formed into stock shapes, each of which sheets has one or more edges which are adapted to be secured by direct nailing to underlying furring strips or sheathing and which has its edges opposite such nailing portions shaped to interlock with the nailed down edges of adjacent sheets, such nailed edges having complementary interlocks adapted to be engaged thereby; such complementary edge portions so interlocking as to fully seal against .the entrance of moisture and as to fully protect the nailed portions and their securing nails against exposure to moisture under any and all conditions;

To provide a roofing construction in which continuous air spaces are provided between the roof surface material and the underlying roof sheathing and in which direct access of moisture to such spaces is prevented;

To provide a roofing construction in which expansion and contraction is adequately provided for.

To provide a roof in which flashing or other roof portions, where conditions require, as around chimneys, vents, or fiues and the like, or along fire or parapet walls, are an integral part of the roofing material and are shaped and extended directly upward along such surfaces; and

To provide a roofing construction which is adapted to permit the use of various forms of surface ornamentation and/or has such ornamentation.

The means by which the foregoing and other objects are accomplished and the manner of their accomplishment, will readily be understood from the following specification on reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. l is a front elevation of a portion of a terrace type roof showing the first two sections from the right edges of the roof with interposed gutter therebetween.

Fig. 2 is a'sectional elevation taken on the line IIII of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation taken on the line III-III of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary end elevation corre- 6 sponding to Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged detail of the locking joint shown in Fig. 3.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged cross section showing two such roof portions meeting in a valley.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged front elevation of a frag-' mentary portion of a terrace type roof showing a dormer type pattern thereon.

Fig.8 is a corresponding sectional elevation taken on the line VIIIVIII of Fig. 7. Y 1 Fig. 9 is a plan view showing two intersecting valley saddles.

Fig. 10 is an end elevation of one of these saddles. v

,Fig. 11 is a sectional elevation taken on a line similar to the line IIII of Fig. 1, showing a chimney extending through the roof, and theflashing therearound.

Fig.v 11A is a sectional plan taken as on the line X[A--XIA of Fig. 113.

Fig. 113 is a sectional elevation taken on the line )HB-IHB of Fig. 11A.

Fig. 12 is a plan view of a portion of a semiflat roof in a Spanish tile design.

Fig. 13 is a sectional elevation taken on the line so XIII-XIII of Fig. 12.

Fig. 14 is a section taken on the line XIVX IV of Fig. 12.

Referring now to the drawings in which the various parts andelements are referred to by numerals, 20 is the wood sheathing of a roof; 2|, 22, 23 and 24 are furring strips, the first of these 2|.extending along and being flush with the lower or save edge of the sheathing '20, the intermediate one, or ones, 22 being parallel and 40 spaced to conform to the roofingv sheet size and the pair 23, 24, along the hip of the roof. Preferably all of these furring strips extend from end to end of the roof, leaving longitudinally extending air spaces therebetween, under the super- 46 posed roofing.

The roof covering comprises interlocking sheets, preferably of metal, though they may be of composition materials. The upper and lower edges of these sheets rest on a-pair of the fur- 50 ring strips 2|, 22, 23 the sheets being of inherent stiffness to span from strip to strip without undue sagging. Each of these sheets preferably comprises four rectangular tiles ll, 32, 33 and 34, with a depressed intermediate portion is depressed portion 36 forming a gutter along one edge and a downwardly turned portion 81 along the opposite edge, which downwardly turned portion of one sheet, as in Fig. 5, is shaped to interlock and seal with the gutter 36 of an adjacent sheet. As will be seen in Fig. 5, each gutter 36 has a folded lap portion "A, adapted to overlie the edge of an outwardly extending flange portion 31A of the downwardly turned edge 31; a portion 363, continuing from the lap 36A and adapted to underlie the flange 31A, an upwardly extending portion 360, extending upward behind the downwardly turned edge 31, a further portion 36D underlying the horizontal part "B adjacent this edge and a further downwardly extending portion 36E, which latter portion may terminate in a further outwardly turned nailing flange 361'.-

The rectangular portion 3| is joined to the rectangular portion 32, and similarly the rectangular portion 33 is joined to the rectangular portion 34, by an arcuately curved portion 38 (Fig.

2) providing a stepped or terraced effect, and the lower edges of the portions 32 and 34 terminate in similarly arcuately curved portions 39, these arcuately curved portions 39 being adapted to closely-embrace and interlock with complementary bead shaped edges it, of the next underlying sheet ll. These bead shaped edges 40 have continuations 42 which terminate in flanges l3, forming nailing strips which are secured to the furring strip 22, as by nails 44.

The starting row of sheets ateach end of the roof has a flange 310 which extends downward past the sheathing 20 (Fig. 3) and may be directly nailed thereto by nails 45. Air openings 31D are formed in the flanges 31C, these openings preferably being protected, as from a driving rain, by louvers 31E which may be integrally stamped outward in forming the openings.

The starting sheets 32A, A, which are used along the eaves of the roof, have the arcuate edges 39A, extended straight downward and outwardly bent to form flanges 39B adapted to seat on the furring strips 2| continuing flanges 39C are bent at right angles to the flanges "B to cover the edges of the furring strip, and preferably also of the sheathing 20; the flanges 396 being secured by nails 46. The flanges 390, also may be bent inward, as at 38E, to underlie the sheathing 20.

The tiles 3i, 33, which lie along the ridges of the roof are formed with arcuate beads 40A substantially identical with the arcuate beads ill; the angles however of the inwardly turned portion 42A may be'sharpened up, as shown, should it be found necessary so to do to allow the nailing flange 43A to properly seat on the furring strip 23.

The ridge of the roof is completed by a ridge cap formed in halves 50, 5|, these halves being formed with arcuate flanges 52, which interlock with the beads 40A of the roof tiles, in substantially the same manner as do the edges of these tiles one 'with the other. The top portion of the ridge cap halves are preferably arcuate in cross section and adapted to respectively under and, over lie each other. these halves are provided with longitudinal crimps or corrugations 53, these corrugations being complementary and adapted to interlock to prevent leakage and sliding. The two halves are secured together as by bolts 54, which bolts Preferably also the peaks of .where' sheets formedas above described meet,

the junction of two such valleys, and an end View of the valley alone, being shown respectively in Figs. 9 and 10. Each valley comprises a trough shaped section 65 having outwardly flanged supporting edge strips 66 along its opposite sides,

these edge strips having each a reversely folded.

portion 61, each such-portion extending inward beyond its side wall of the valley and being arcuately curved to form a head 68 which is adapted to be interiockingly engaged by arcuately curved edge portions 89 of the roof tiles. The two valleys shown in Fig. 9 are preferably .stamped from a single sheet, or if not so formed are welded together along their meeting line into an integral member or saddle.

III are furring strips which are disposed parallel t2 the valley line at a sufficient distance apart to permit the suspending of the valley therebetween. The flanged portions 86, 61 of the valley being disposed on these furring strips and secured thereto by nails II.

It will particularly be noted in this construction, that the nails, by which the side edges and top edges of the tiles along the beads are secured to the furring strips, are thereafter covered by the adjacent tiles, the edges of which tiles are interlocked with the beads to secure such edges.

13 are sheets or layers of insulating material, disposed'on the sheathing H between the furring strips 10 and the adjacent and other strips; layers of insulation are also shown in Fig. 2, and maybe used with any or all of the constructions shown.

In Figs. and 8, 15 are tiles each forming part of a sheet as previously described, and each having a pyramidal portion It struck up therefrom, giving each of the tiles a dormer shaped ornamentation.

Figs. 11, 11A and 113 show a chimney extending through the roof, the chimney having been built so as to pass through one of the roofing tiles-Iii, and between the interlocking joints 82 thereof. It is the flashing on the upper side of the chimney, 84 that on the lower side thereof, and 84A the flashing on the sides, the chimney being made smaller where the flashing surrounds it, than above the flashing, in order that a projecting portion of the chimney may overlie the upper edge of the flashing. In Fig. 11 the section of the roof is taken substantially on the center line of the chimney and particular attention is called to the fact that the low point 85 of the connection from the flashing to the tile along the center line of the chimney (thesection line of the view) is higher than is the connecting portions 86 in the background, at the side'of the chimney, so that drainage must occur, this appearing more clearly in Fig. 113. I

The flashing 83, 84 and 84A is formed by cutting a rectangular opening in the sheet iii, the opening being substantially of less width and provide for miner adjustment and also al ow aslength th n e d e s d p n thereafter flanging the edges of this opening upward as shown. The flanges are subsequently cut oil so that they terminate substantially in a plane, preferably roughly parallel to the surface of the sheet 8i.

In Figs. 12, 13 and 14 a roof is shown in which the tiles have interlocking edges subfitantially identical with those before shown, but idifl'erent surface ornamentation, the roof illustrated being of a semi-flat type. In these views 90 are substantially flat metal tiles having alternating short and long raised portions 9| and 92 respectively, both of which are substantially semi-circular in cross section, the shorter ornamentation being entirely within the limits of the sheet but the longer extending from edge to edge and interlocking with the similarly raised portions of the adjacent tiles. 98 are edge flanges which extend upward'along the edge wall 94 and each are overlaid by a cap 95. On the starting tile, along the eaves, 99 is a fiat edge portion which lies directly on and is secured to the sheathing 91; 9 9

is a downwardly flanged portion which is securedto the edge of the sheathing by nails 99. The upper edge of this tile is provided with an arcuate bead I00 and a nailing flange IOI, which flange,

is directly secured by the nails I02. The next adjacent tile has an arcuately curved lower edge I03, which interlocks with thearcuate bead I 00, the interlocking tile overlying and shielding the nailing flange IOI- and the nails securing it. This tile is provided at its upper edge with a bead corresponding to the bead I00, with which the next tile interlocks. The tile adjacent the upper edge of the roof, should that edge abut against a wall, is provided with an upwardly turned flange I 04, which lies against the face of the wall I05; the top of this flange being covered by a coping I06, The tiles at their side edges have interlocking joint members I01 and a nailing flange I08 conforming to similar members 36A, 36B, etc., shown in Fig. 5; and the next adjacent interlocking members I09 similarly conforming to the members 31, 31A, etc., of Fig. 5, these interlocking members in plan lying along and parallel I to the raised portions 92 of each such tile.

What we claim is:

1. A roofing surface of sheet material, comprising a plurality of interlocking rectangular sheets, and including edge and intermediate sheets, each said intermediate sheet having along an upper edge and along one side edge, continuous locking members, each said locking member both continuous around said opening, the flange toward the upper edge of said sheet being con nected by a sheet portion having a hip adjacent the lateral center of said flange whereby drainage around said opening is effected.

2. A roofing surface of sheet material, comprising a plurality of interlocking rectangular sheets, and including edge and intermediate sheets, each said intermediate sheet'having along an upper edge and along one side edge continuous locking members, each said locking member having an outwardly extending edge portion adapted to be secured by nailing, and said sheet having along its respective opposite edges, interlocking members complementary respectively to said locking members, said interlocking members being adapted for interlocking with looking edges of adjacent sheets, and each said intermediate sheet adjacent its interlocking members being adapted to overlie and protect the nailing edges of such adjacent sheets, each 'said'sheet being laid off into, individual the patterns, said tile patterns being defined by depressed gutter portions extending from the upper to the lower edge of said sheet and having an additional gutter portion along one of its said side edges, said side edge gutter having an outer side wall extendlngsub stantially to the height of its inner side wall and forming a portion of the locking member along such side edge, and said patterns being defined transversely to said gutter portions, by integral portions of said sheet conforming-to the pattern of the joint between such sheet and an interlocked lower adjacent sheet.-

3. A roofing surface of sheet material, comprising a plurality of interlocking rectangular sheets, and including edge and intermediate sheets, each said intermediate sheet having along an upper edge and along one side edge continuous locking members, each said locking member having an outwardly extending edgeportion adapted to be secured by nailing, and said sheet having sheet and having an additional gutter portion along one of its said side edges, said side edge gutter having an outer side wall extending substantially to the height of its inner side wall and forming a portion of said locking members along such side edge, said patterns being defined horizontally by integral portions of said sheet conforming to the pattern of the joint between such sheet and an interlocked lower adjacent sheet, and the contour of said gutter bottoms lengthwise thereof conforming to a parallel contour of said sheet.

4. lEn a hip roof havingsheathing abutting to form a hip; a roof covering of sheet material comprising a plurality of interlocking rectangular sheets, said sheets having interlock ng side edges and continuous locking members along their upper edges, said covering being secured to said sheathing with said locking members disposed along opposite sides of said hip; and a ridge cap comprising substantially indent-ical halves disposed in opposite relation, said halves having their lower edges shaped to interlock and seal with said sheet locking edges and their upper edges arcuatelycurved and longitudinally corrugated to adjustably lap and seal, and bolts securing said halves together and clamping same in interlocking relation with said sheets and with each other. 7

5. In a hip roof having sheathing abutting to form a hip; a roof covering of sheet material comprising a plurality of interlocking rectangular sheets, said sheets having interlocking side edges and continuous locking members along their upper edges, said covering being secured to said sheathing with said locking members disposed 'along'sides of saidhip; and a ridge cap comprising substantially identical halves disposed in opposed relation, said halves having their lower edges shaped to interlock and seal with said sheet locking edges and their upper edges arcuately curved and longitudinally corrugated to adjustably lap and seal, and bolts securing lar sheets, said sheets having interlocking side edges and continuous locking members along their upper edges, said covering being secured to said sheathing with said locking members disposed along opposite sides of said hip; and a ridge cap comprising substantially identical halve's disposedin opposed relation, said halves having their lower edges shaped to interlock and seal with said sheet locking edges and their upper edges arcuately curved and longitudinally corrugated to adjustably lap and seal, and said halves having integral end portions adapted to lap and form an end closure, and bolts securing said halves together and clamping same in interlocking relation with said sheets and with each other.

7. A roof including a sheathing course as of wood shaped in desired manner, furring strips disposed along the eave edge of said sheathing and the ridge edge thereof respectively, and intermediate furring strips disposed between said eave and ridge strips and substantially parallel to one thereof; a roof surface of sheet material supported on said furring strips, said surface being of inherent stiffness to span between said strips and be supported thereby out of contact with said sheathing course, said rooflng surface having at the opposite side edges of said roof integrally connected downwardly turned edge portions extending substantially to the lower edge of-said sheathing and secured as by nailing, said edge portions being apertured between said furring strips for entrance and exit of air, and having outwardly extending louvers overlying said apertures and shielding them from the entrance of rain. I

8. A roof including a sheathing course, as of wood sloped in desired manner, furring strips disposed along the cave edge of said sheathing and the ridge edge thereof, respectively, and intermediate furring strips disposed between said eave and ridge strips and substantially parallel to one thereof; a roof surface of sheet material supported on said furring strips, said surface being of inherent stiifness to span between said strips and be supported thereby out of contact with said sheathing course, said roofing surface having at the opposite side edges of said roof integrally connected downwardly turned edge portions ex. tending substantially to the lower edge or said sheathing and secured thereto, as by nailing. said edge portion being apertured between said furring strips for entrance and exit of air.

9. A roof construction including two adjacent sections meeting in a valley, said sections being covered by sheathing which abuts along the line of said valley; a pair of furring strips spaced apart and lying parallel with and at substantially equal distances from the center line of said valley, a substantially U-shaped trough disposed between said furring strips, said trough having side walls extending substantially vertical downward, with the bottom'of said U supported by said sheathing, said trough side walls having outwardly flanged edge strips overlying and supported on said furring strips, said edge strips being folded inward and secured to said furring strips, as by nailing, the inner edges of said folded portions extending beyond the side walls of said trough, and terminating each in an elongated bead extending along said channelway; and roofing surfaces of sheet material covering said sheathing,

. said surfacesoverlying said edge strips and having their valley edges curved arcuately downward, outward, and upward to embrace and interlock with the beads of said edge strips.

10. Aroof covering -of sheet material, comprising a plurality of interlocking rectangular sheets, and including edge and intermediate sheets, each said edge sheet having along an upper edge and along one side edge, continuous locking members, and along a bottom edge a locking member complementary to said upper edge locking member, and 'said sheet having along its remaining side edge a downwardly extending edge member adapted to be secured by direct nailing to an edge portion as of an underlying sheathing, said latter member having ventilating openings therethrough and outwardly protruding louvers overlying said openings.

11. A roof including a sheathing course as of wood sloped in desired manner, furring strips disposed along the eave of said sheathing course and the ridge edge thereof, respectively, intermediate furring strips disposed between said eave and ridge strips and substantially parallel to one thereof, and sheets of insulating material dis-, posed on said sheathing and substantially extending between said furring strips, said insulating material being of less thickness than said furring strips, and a roof surface of sheet material supported on said furring strips, said surface being of inherent stiffness to span be,-

tween said strips and be supported thereby outof contact with said insulating material.

' OLLIE V. BUMPAS.

WILLIAM G. SMITH. 

